1. What is the impedance of free space?
b) 120 p (376.991) ohms
Impedance is defined as the square root of the ratio of the permeability (mu, m) to the permittivity (epsilon, e) - in this case of free space.
e0 = 1/(36 p) * 10-9 F/m
m0 = 4 p * 10-7 H/m
z0 = sqrt [m0 / e0] = sqrt [4 p * 10-7 * 36 p * 109] = sqrt [144 * 102 * p2] = 120 p = 376.991 (377) W.