[/UseMoney]one. Impedance matching
1. Difference between RF/RFIC and digital
circuit design
o Case # 1: Digital circuits with low data rate
o Case # 2: Digital circuits with high data rate
2. The significance of impedance matching
o Power transportation from a source to a load
o Maximizing of power transportation without phase shift
o Matching network
3. The problems due to impedance
un-matched status
o General expression of power transportation
o Power instability and additional power loss
o Quasi-noise and unmatched distortion
o Power measurement
o Power transportation and voltage transportation
o Burning of the device
4. Impedance measurement
o Impedance measured by small signal
o The Smith Chart: impedance and admittance coordination
o Relationship between the impedance in series and in parallel
o Impedance measured by large signal
5. Impedance matching
o One part matching network
o Recognition of regions in the Smith Chart
o Two parts matching network
TWO' RF grounding
1. A true story
2. Three components for RF grounding
o “Zero” chip capacitor
o Micro strip line
o RF cable
3. Equivalent of chip parts
o Models of chip parts
o Characterizing chip parts by network analyzer
o Extraction from the measurement by network analyzer
4. Example of RF grounding
o Test P. C. Board with small size
o Test P. C. Board with large size
o Isolation between input and output in a mixer or an up-converter
o Calibration for Network Analyzer
5. RF grounding for reduction of return current coupling
o Discrete parts on a test P. C. Board
Three'Single ended stage and differential pair
1. Basic single-ended stage
o General description
o Small-signal model of a bipolar transistor
o Small-signal model of a MOSFET transistor
2. Differential pair
o DC transfer characteristic
o Small signal characteristic
o Improvement of CMRR
o Increase of voltage swing
o Interference cancellation
o Increase of noise
3. Apparent difference between single
ended and differential stage 4. DC offset
o DC offset in a single ended device
o Zero DC offset in a pseudo differential pair
o Why “zero” IF or direct conversion
o DC offset cancellation
5. Balun
o Coaxial cable
o Micro strip line
o Ring micro strip
o Branch line
o Transformer
o Two stacked 2x2 transformers
o LC balun
Four. Tolerance analysis
1. Importance of tolerance analysis
2. Fundamentals of tolerance
o Tolerance and normal distribution
o 6σ, Cp, and Cpk
o Yield rate and DPU
o Poisson distribution
3. Approach to 6σ design and production
4. An example : Tunable filter design
o Description of the tunable filter design
o Monte-Carlo analysis
5. Appendix: Table of normal probability function
o Two parts upward and downward impedance transformer
o Three parts matching network and impedance transformer
6. Some useful schemes for impedance marching
o Designs and tests when ZL is not 50 ohms
o Conversion between “T” and “Π” type matching network
o Parts in a matching network
o Impedance matching between power transportation units
o Impedance matching for a mixer
Lecture #5 : Prospect of RFIC design
1. RFIC development
2. Isolation
o Definition and measurement of isolation
o Isolation technology
3. Low Q value of spiral inductor
o Skin Effect
o Attenuation due to substrate
o Leakage of flux
o Cancellation of flux
o A possible solution :
Negative resistance compensation
4. Layout
o Runners
o Parts
o Symmetry
o Via
o Free space on the die
5. Challenge of SOC-RFIC design
o Isolation
o High Q inductor for integrated circuit
Lecture #6 : Basic RF parameters and equations
1. NF
o Noise source
o Definition of noise figure
o Noise figure in a noisy two-port block
o Minimum of NF and equivalent Rn
2. Gain
o Definition of power gains
o Power gain and voltage gain
3. Sensitivity of a receiver
o Standard noise source
o Equivalent input noise
o Sensitivity of 12 dB SINAD
4. Non-linearity and spurious products
o Spurious products
o Intercept point and IMR
5. Distortion
6. Cascaded equations
o Cascaded equation for power gain
o Cascaded equation for noise figure
o Cascaded equation for intercept point
o Application of cascaded equation system analysis
7. From analog to digital communication system
o Modulation in an analog communication system
o Encoding in a digital communication system
o Decoding and bit-error probabilit
o Error correction schemes