Philips 音频系统手册

wh8858

【文件名】:111020@52RD_++《PHILIPS 音频系统手册》.pdf
【格　式】:pdf
【大　小】:818K
【简　介】:
【目　录】:





1.0 BASICS.......................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Speech ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1.1 Dynamic Range .....................................................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Music........................................................................................................................................................................ 4
1.2.1 Dynamic Range .....................................................................................................................................................................4
1.2.2 Musical Range versus Frequency ..........................................................................................................................................5
1.3 Sound ....................................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.3.1 Ear-characteristics .................................................................................................................................................................6
1.3.2 Weighting ..............................................................................................................................................................................7
1.3.3 Sound Pressure Level ............................................................................................................................................................7
1.4 Sound Propagation in Air ......................................................................................................................................... 8
2.0 DECIBEL NOTATION...................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1 Definition ................................................................................................................................................................. 9
2.1.1 Logarithmic characteristics of the ear....................................................................................................................................9
2.1.2 Power ratios...........................................................................................................................................................................9
2.1.3 Voltage ratios ......................................................................................................................................................................10
2.1.4 dB references.......................................................................................................................................................................10
2.2 Calculations ........................................................................................................................................................... 11
2.2.1 Addition and subtraction .....................................................................................................................................................11
THE SOUND SYSTEM
3.0 AN INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 12
3.1 Functional requirements........................................................................................................................................ 12
MICROPHONES
4.0 MICROPHONES ............................................................................................................................................................ 13
4.1 Considerations when Selecting a Microphone........................................................................................................ 13
4.2 Microphone Types.................................................................................................................................................. 13
4.2.1 Electrodynamic....................................................................................................................................................................13
4.2.2 Condenser............................................................................................................................................................................13
4.2.3 Back Plate Electret ..............................................................................................................................................................13
4.2.4 Electret ................................................................................................................................................................................13
4.2.5 Choices................................................................................................................................................................................13
4.3 Pick-Up Response Patterns.................................................................................................................................... 14
4.3.1 Omnidirectional...................................................................................................................................................................15
4.3.2 Cardioid...............................................................................................................................................................................15
4.3.3 Hyper-cardioid.....................................................................................................................................................................15
4.4 Special Microphones.............................................................................................................................................. 16
4.4.1 The Lavalier and Lapel microphone....................................................................................................................................16
4.4.2 Noise cancelling microphone ..............................................................................................................................................16
4.4.3 Radio (Wireless) microphone..............................................................................................................................................16
5.0 TECHNICAL PRINCIPLES .............................................................................................................................................. 17
5.1 Directivity .............................................................................................................................................................. 17
5.2 Sensitivity ............................................................................................................................................................... 17
5.3 Installation Considerations.................................................................................................................................... 17
5.3.1 Potential problems and causes.............................................................................................................................................17
5.3.2 Solutions..............................................................................................................................................................................17
6.0 MICROPHONE TECHNIQUE .......................................................................................................................................... 18

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