Xwindow系统原理的介绍

novagx

How to Use This Manual
Volume One is intended as an introduction to all the basic concepts of X programming and also as a useful reference for many of the most common programming techniques. It is divided into 14 chapters, which describe and demonstrate the use of the X programming library, and numerous appendices.

You will find it necessary to read at least Chapters 1, 2, and 3 before attempting to program with the X library. Chapter 1, Introduction, provides a discussion of the context in which X programs operate. Chapter 2, X Concepts, describes the conceptual foundations underlying X programming. Chapter 3, Basic Window Program, presents a simple program.

Chapters 4 through 9 (Window Attributes, The Graphics Context, Drawing Graphics and Text, Color, Events, and The Keyboard and Pointer) discuss various programming techniques that are used in all X programs. These chapters can be read as a tutorial and consulted for reference later.

Chapter 10, Internationalization, and Chapter 11, Internationalized Text Input describe the Xlib features for making an application usable in any language without changes to the application binary. These features were added in Release 5.

Chapter 12, Interclient Communication, is a description of communication between applications and between applications and the window manager, including properties and selections. The proposed conventions for interclient communication are presented in Appendix L, Interclient Communcation Conventions, of Volume Zero (as of the second printing).

Chapter 13, Managing User Preferences, describes the facilities provided for database management, parsing the command line, and managing user preferences. Xlib calls this the resource manager.

Chapter 14, A Complete Application, provides an example of a complete application. This chapter is especially useful in demonstrating managing user preferences with the resource manager.

Chapter 15, Other Programming Techniques, describes programming techniques that will be useful to some but not all programs. It should be scanned for applicable techniques and read in detail when needed for a particular project.

Chapter 16, Window Management, describes what window managers do and how they work. This information should provide a more complete knowledge of the variety of contexts in which X applications may function. It also describes the Xlib functions that are intended primarily for window management. A simple window manager program is described.

Appendix A, Specifying Fonts, describes how the programmer should specify default font names.

Appendix B, X10 Compatibility, describes the routines supported in X11 for compatibility with X Version 10.

Appendix C, Writing Extensions to X, is a guide to writing extensions to X. This is for experienced X programmers only. It is provided so that this manual can serve as a complete replacement for the MIT Xlib documentation.

Appendix D, The basecalc Application, presents the complete code for basecalc, the complete application described in Chapter 12, A Complete Application.

Appendix E, Event Reference, describes each event type in a reference page format. Included is how to select the events, when they are generated, the contents of the event structures, and notes on how to use them. This information is vital in using the numerous events.

Appendix F, The Xmu Library, describes the routines in this miscellaneous utilities library that are useful in Xlib programming. This library is not an X Consortium standard but is widely available.

Appendix G, Sources of Additional Information, lists where to get the X software, companies that offer training in X programming, and descriptions of additional published books on the subject.

Appendix H, Release Notes, describes the changes between Releases 3, 4 and 5. This manual describes Release 4 and Release 5.


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