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发表于 2006-2-13 09:53:00
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5。华为的食物链
上节阐述了,3,4年之后,当华为目前的产品系列不能够使得华为的营业额保持稳
定的增长时并且国内和国外的竞争对手在逐步打压和蚕食其市场份额时,华为将不
得不通过併购公司的形式来保持其至少在国内的领先地位。当然,另外一个目标就
是要将产品系列DIVISIFIED,分散化,从而华为不会死在一个或仅有的几个产品上。
这个路线是基本不会避免的,就像其他公司走过的路一样。
下面摘录的是CISCO在2004年的公司併购的战略行动:
Cisco Systems Inc.'s (Nasdaq: CSCO - message board) acquisitions during
2004 centered on the security and services market as it picked up four players
for under $200 million.
In November, the networking giant gave $16 million for security management
firm Jahi Networks (see Cisco Jumps on Jahi ). In September, it acquired
NetSolve for $128.5 million (see Cisco Nabs NetSolve ) and announced that
it would buy Perfigo Inc. for $74 million (see Cisco Bolsters Its Security
Story ). In March, Cisco said it would acquire Twingo Systems for $5 million
in cash.
这是CISCO关於PROCKET的併购:
这是一个非常有意思的併购,纯粹是掏钱买人:
Cisco Systems Inc. (Nasdaq: CSCO - message board) announced late Thursday
that it is buying routing software startup BCN Systems Inc., the company
it backed to develop next-generation routing software (see Cisco to Acquire
BCN ). It's not clear that BCN had any other corporate or venture capital
investors.
BCN has been actively recruiting top routing talent from Juniper Networks
Inc. (Nasdaq: JNPR - message board) and other firms, according to sources
familiar with the company (see BCN Joins Router Race ). Cisco says it is
paying $34 million for the part of BCN that it doesn't already own and that
the price tag could climb to as much as $122 million if BCN meets certain
goals.
BCN Systems is a provider of networking software design that has developed
a unique networking software architecture for routing applications, Cisco
says in a statement.
The company's interest in BCN was first disclosed in Cisco's September filings
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
BCN was founded in April 2004 and has 45 employees. It is led by founder
and CEO Michael Beesley, a systems software expert who worked on mid-range
routers at Cisco, contributing to products such as the 7200. He then moved
to Juniper, where he was part of the team building the flagship M40 and
also helped out on the high-end T640.
The startup's formation and acquisition is Cisco's third move of late to
secure highly sought routing expertise. Recently the company converted routing
software expert Tony Li from feared competitor to salaried employee (see
Tony Li Returns to Cisco ). And, earlier this year, Cisco moved beyond its
tradition of not acquiring direct competitors when it nabbed the assets
and employees of Procket Networks, the company Li founded (see Cisco to Pay
$89M for Procket Assets ).
再看一下CISCO对硅谷公认的杰出人才TONY LI的处理:Cisco/Procket Deal Imminent
Today's the big day for news on whether Procket will be acquired, say several
sources.
Two sources close to Procket Networks Inc. have told Light Reading that
the company's fate will be made today. As ever, there's intrigue here because
only one of the two sources would name the acquiring party -- and that source
says its Cisco Systems Inc. (Nasdaq: CSCO - message board). Foundry Networks
Inc. (Nasdaq: FDRY - message board) has also been mentioned as a suitor,
but that now appears less likely -- and Cisco certainly has the deeper wallet
to make the deal happen
The deal, reportedly worth $80 million, has been expected this week since
a flurry of reports detailing a potential deal dropped last week (see Cisco
May Pocket Procket ).
Cisco has since put forth that, while it would never buy a competing product,
it doesn't mind acquiring the talent that built the competing product.
"I'm not going to buy another router company for a router," Chambers told
a Bear Stearns investment conference yesterday, according to reports by
Reuters and The Wall Street Journal. "I could not be more comfortable with
our routing strategy...
"Fifty really sharp engineers can bring a product to market quicker than
500 can, so if ever there is a talent acquisition that makes sense to me
in the market, I don't hesitate," Chambers added, according the Reuters
report.
However it's sliced, Cisco is about to purchase one of the routing upstarts
that, if nothing else, provided a catalyst for Cisco to get its own next-generation
core router, the CRS-1, built and released after several years of fits and
starts (see Cisco Unveils the HFR ).
While it will be interesting to see what Cisco will do with the technology,
it will be more interesting to watch the marketing story unfold. Never before
has a routing market leader announced its own next-generation product, then
purchased a competitor solely for staffing reasons.
另外CISCO关於P-CUBE 的併购。
In October, Cisco closed the deal to acquire privately held P-Cube, a developer
of IP service control platforms, for $200 million (see Cisco Completes P-Cube
Acquisition ).
The acquisition gives Cisco the tools to investigate the traffic stream,
giving service providers precise control over how their networks are being
used. In fact, whether it was a self-fulfilling prophecy or not, Cisco’
s purchase of P-Cube looks to have legitimized the entire traffic management
technology market while giving Cisco the strongest company in the space.
The P-Cube aquisition has sparked speculation over what traffic management
company will be acquired next. Candidates still looking for a dance partner
include Allot Communications, Ellacoya Networks Inc., Packeteer Inc. (Nasdaq:
PKTR - message board), and Sandvine Inc.
我们再来看一看CISCO是如何进军HOME和SMALL OFFICE NETWORKING ROUTER/GATEWAY市
场的。
2003年3月CISCO用500MILLION股票交换一举买下著名的LINKSYS。下面是一些摘要。
Officials of Cisco Systems Inc. said today they plan to buy home and small
office networking vendor The Linksys Group Inc. of Irvine, Calif. The move
marks Cisco's first foray into the burgeoning market for wired and wireless
networking gear for consumers and SOHO (small office/home office) users.
According to officials, Cisco will issue common stock worth $500 million
to acquire Linksys. ADVERTISEMENTA
"Fueled by consumer broadband adoption, the home networking space has experienced
mass market acceptance. Linksys has captured a strong position in this growing
market by developing an extensive, easy-to-use product line for the home
and small office," said Cisco President and CEO John Chambers in a statement.
"This acquisition is a solid example of Cisco's strategy to broaden its
end-to-end portfolio of network solutions into high-growth markets such
as wireless, voice-over-IP and storage area networking."
Privately held Linksys makes some 70 different products, including wireless
routers and access points, wireless network adapters, and wireless print
servers, as well as wired products such as Ethernet routers and cable modems,
unmanaged switches and hubs, print servers, and network attached storage.
The deal will make Linksys a division of Cisco under the direction of Charlie
Giancarlo, senior vice president and general manager of product development
at Cisco in San Jose, Calif. Products will continue to be sold under the
Linksys brand through its existing retail, distributor and e-commerce channels,
officials said.
从上述一些摘抄文章,我们可以看到,CISCO的成长就是一个大鱼吃小鱼的过程。当
然这里有一点与生物界不同。被吃的小鱼很愉快,被吃后就成了大鱼的一部分了。
大鱼也同时长大了。
那麼华为应该吃什麼样的小鱼呢?
笔者的个人观点是:至少对於数据线业务而言,下面是非常重要的和非常有可能华
为将投资或併购的。
*网络安全存取产品
这里我们并非指FIREWALL/VPN。IPSEC基本上已经比较成熟。而且公司在这方面的投
资基本上已经很多。我不认为华为或其他公司缺少这块业务。但是SSL/VPN方面华为
应该是不强,或者就没有涉足的。请注意,网络界的口号正在向这样的方面转换:
首先是安全的网络;然后是高速的网络。没有一个TOTAL SOLUTION的网络解决方案
的华为将在市场上得到惩罚。一个客户希望的是这样的:同一家公司的ROUTER, SWITCH,
SECURITY产品。否则对其维护和投资的费用将非常大。
* 网络安全防护
另外,网络侵入检测(IDS)和网络防毒(AV)产品正是热点。我个人估计华为也是无瑕
顾及。或者是浅尝輒止,很难朝高端产品的方向发展。在这方面,ENDPOINT的网络
安全也是一个非常重要的东西,比如,网络最脆弱的地方就是内部的网络。一个染
毒的便携计算机可以轻易的通过DHCP将内部网络摧毁。
* VoIP与网络安全
VOIP无疑将是非常大的一个市场。在安全方面也将是一个非常大的空间。
*存储设备与安全(STORAGE 和SECURITY)。
*安全的无线产品
* 低端市场安全的ROUTER和GATEWAY。这是一个非常大的市场。我相信华为将很快注
意到这一点,或已经注意到了这一点。否则的话,可惜。
如果上述是华为将要投资的方向的话,那麼华为READY了吗?光是有钱就READY吗?
答案是肯定的:光有钱或股票是不够的。否则,一个公司会被一条小鱼噎死和噎的
失去竞争机会的。
6。华为的挑战
上一节我们讨论了,为了华为的可持续性发展,华为在3,4年后会开始併购中小形
的公司,并列举了一些可能的方向,特别对其数据线业务。
这些将来的事情是要有充分的準备的。不小心是完全可能将公司拖的非常狼狈,或
更严重一点,整个公司垮掉的。
但我们坚信华为必须迟早步入这种商业运作,象世界上其他巨头公司一样,通过
「PLAY MONEY」玩钱来在市场中生存,OFFESIVE的併购来壮大自己,DEFENSIVE的并
购来消灭潜在的对手。
那麼我们希望华为利用现在的3到4年,使得自己READY,把自己调整好,以迎接将来
的BURST的膨胀,一举成为世界级的大公司。
那麼那些方面要READY呢?有没有前面的经验和教训我们可以参阅呢?答案是有的。
古人云:灭六国者,六国也。换句话说,成秦之大业者,秦也,非六国也。
这是一个非常值得深思的事情。秦成就霸业的几个重要的基础是:商鞅变法;远交
近攻;合眾连横。
笔者个人认为商鞅变法是其根本。为什麼这样说呢?远交近攻和合眾连横等等都是
形而上的谋略。而商鞅变法不然,其是一种对秦国形而下的东西,奠定了秦国发展
的根基,比如对各种利益的分配,对。另外,我觉得商鞅的政策里已经具备了「天
下为公」的思想。
谈古必为喻今,否则就是一个酸儒,无一用处。我们从秦国的霸业可以学习到什麼
呢?对华为的领导者的帮助是什麼呢?
我个人认为是这样的:华为的敌人是华为自己;华为的将成功来自华为自己的不断
改革。
笔者认为,所谓的「远交近攻;合眾连横」,影射到企业运作上,其实就是所谓的
「BUSINESS OPERATION」,或本文开始所提及的「商业运作」。就是通过各种这样
的联合,合作,併购,来加强自己的影响力和销售自己的产品,比如华为与3COM的
合作,华为在没有自己的CORE ROUTER之前与AVICI INC。的合作。(笔者註:华为的
NS5000其实就是AVICI的TSR CORE ROUTER,华为是RE-SELLER。就像现在3COM贴标籤
卖华为的东西类似的一个道理)
华为目前已经宣布了其自己研发的NE5000E CORE ROUTER。业界议论此举与其想击败
港湾网络的NetHammer有关,要争PERformANCE国内第一。当然,目前华为在CORE ROUTER方
面主要的精力放在海外市场,如第三世界国家等等。目前,在CORE ROUTER方面,性
能方面的比较基本如下: |
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