国外博士论文：Design of millimetre-wave antennas on LTCC

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In this work, implementation possibilities of millimetre-wave antennas fabricated with low
temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology are investigated. Especially, microstrip
antennas operating at 60 GHz frequency band are designed, modeled, manufactured and
tested.
LTCC is a modern packaging technology which enables manufacturing of multilayer components
and modules with high performance up to millimetre-wave region. Benefits of the
LTCC technology are high packaging density, low dielectric and conductor losses, reliability
and stability. The challenges of the LTCC technology are related to the manufacturing
tolerances which become critical for operation of the antennas at 60 GHz frequency band.
In the literature review, the basics of antenna theory are presented and common antenna
parameters are introduced. Issues related to antenna arrays are also introduced. Then,
basic characteristics of microstrip antennas are presented, followed by the introduction of
the LTCC technology. Several types of microstrip antennas are designed and modeled with
numerical simulation software. Two types of antennas are also modeled with simulation
code implemented by the author. The functionality of fabricated antennas is validated by
conducting scattering parameter and radiation pattern measurements.
Measurement results agree quite well with the simulated ones. Small deviations between
simulated and measured results are caused by the differences in designed and realised dimensions
of the antennas. Return loss of -10 dB or better is easily achieved. Impedance
bandwidth of the antennas is in the order of 3...6%. Maximum absolute gains vary between
3...4 dB. It is clearly seen from the results that functional antennas can be fabricated with
standard LTCC process and materials even for the 60 GHz frequency band.
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