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Information technology equipment Radio disturbance characteristics Limits and methods of measurement
目录
FOREWORD...........................................................................................................................9
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 13
1 Scope and obj ect ............................................................................................................ 15
2 Normative references...................................................................................................... 15
3 Definitions ...................................................................................................................... 17
4 Classification of ITE........................................................................................................ 21
4.1 Class B ITE ........................................................................................................... 21
4.2 Class A ITE ........................................................................................................... 21
5 Limits for conducted disturbance at mains terminals and telecommunication ports........... 21
5.1 Limits of mains termi nal disturbanc e voltage .......................................................... 23
5.2 Limits of conducted common mode (asymmetric mode)
disturbance at teleco mmunication ports ................................................................. 23
6 Limits for radiated disturbance ........................................................................................ 25
6.1 Limits below 1 GHz................................................................................................ 25
6.2 Limits above 1 GHz ............................................................................................... 27
7 Interpretation of CISPR radio disturbance lim it ................................................................ 29
7.1 Significance of a CISPR limit ................................................................................. 29
7.2 Application of limits in tests for conformity of equipment in series production.......... 29
8 General measurement conditions .................................................................................... 31
8.1 Ambient noise........................................................................................................ 31
8.2 General arrangement............................................................................................. 31
8.3 EUT arrangement .................................................................................................. 37
8.4 Operation of the EUT ............................................................................................. 41
9 Method of measurement of conducted disturbance at mains terminals
and telecommunication ports .......................................................................................... 43
9.1 Measurement detectors ......................................................................................... 43
9.2 Measuring receivers .............................................................................................. 45
9.3 Artificial mains network (AMN) ............................................................................... 45
9.4 Ground reference plane ......................................................................................... 45
9.5 EUT arrangement .................................................................................................. 45
9.6 Measurement of disturbances at telecommunication ports ...................................... 51
9.7 Recording of measurements .................................................................................. 57
10 Method of measurement of radiated disturbance ............................................................. 59
10.1 Measurement detectors ......................................................................................... 59
10.2 Measuring receiver below 1 GHz............................................................................ 59
10.3 Antenna below 1 GHz ............................................................................................ 59
10.4 Measurement site below 1 GHz............................................................................. 61
10.5 EUT arrangement below 1 GHz.............................................................................. 63
10.6 Radiated emission measurements above 1 GHz..................................................... 63
10.7 Recording of measurements .................................................................................. 65
10.8 Measurement in the presence of high ambient signals............................................ 65
10.9 User installation testing.......................................................................................... 65
11 Measurement uncertainty................................................................................................ 67
Nemko, 2006-10-04
CISPR 22 © IEC:2005+A1:2005+A2:2006 – 5 –
Annex A (normative) Site attenuation measurements of alternative test sites ....................... 87
Annex B (normative) Decision tree for peak detector measurements ................................... 99
Annex C (normative) Possible test set-ups for common mode measurements .................... 101
Annex D (informative) Schematic diagrams of examples
of impedance stabilization networks (ISN) ........................................................................... 115
Annex E (informative) Parameters of signals at telecommunication ports........................... 133
Annex F (informative) Rationale for disturbance measurements and methods on
telecommunications ports.................................................................................................... 139
Annex G (informative) Operational modes for some types of ITE ....................................... 153
Bibliography ................................................................................................................... ..... 155
Figure 1 – Test site ........................................................................................................... .... 67
Figure 2 – Minimum alternative measurement site ................................................................. 69
Figure 3 – Minimum size of metal ground plane ..................................................................... 69
Figure 4 – Example test arrangement for tabletop equipment
(conducted and radiated emi ssions) (plan view)..................................................................... 71
Figure 5 – Example test arrangement for tabletop equipment
(conducted emission measurement - alternative 1a) ................................................................. 73
Figure 6 – Example test arrangement for tabletop equipment
(conducted emission measurement – alter native 1b).............................................................. 73
Figure 7 – Example test arrangement for tabletop equipment
(conducted emission measurement – alternative 2) .................................................................. 75
Figure 8 – Example test arrangement for floor-standing equipment
(conducted emission measurement) ...................................................................................... 77
Figure 9 – Example test arrangement for combinations of equipment
(conducted emission measurement) ...................................................................................... 79
Figure 10 – Example test arrangement for tabletop equipment
(radiated emission measurement) ......................................................................................... 79
Figure 11 – Example test arrangement for floor-st anding equipment
(radiated emission measurement) ......................................................................................... 81
Figure 12 – Example test arrangement for floor-st anding equipment with vertical riser
and overhead cables (radiated and conducted emission measurement) ................................. 83
Figure 13 – Example test arrangement for combinations of equipment
(radiated emission measurement) ......................................................................................... 85
Figure A.1 – Typical antenna positions for alternate site NSA measurements......................... 93
Figure A.2 – Antenna positions for alternate site measurements
for minimum reco mmended volume ....................................................................................... 95
Figure B.1 – Decision tree for peak detector measurements .................................................. 99
Figure C.1 – Using CDNs described in IEC 61000-4-6 as CDN/ISNs .................................... 103
Figure C.2 – Using a 150 Ω load to the outside surface of the shield ("in situ CDN/ISN") ...... 105
Figure C.3 – Using a combination of current probe and capacitive voltage probe.................. 105
Figure C.4 – Using no shield connection to gr ound and no ISN ............................................ 107
Figure C.5 – Calibra tion fixture ............................................................................................ 111
Figure C.6 – Flowchart for selecting test method ................................................................. 113
Figure D.1 − ISN for use with unscr eened single balanced pairs .......................................... 115
Figure D.2 − ISN with high longitudinal conversion loss (LCL) for use
with either one or two unscreened balanc ed pairs ................................................................ 117
Nemko, 2006-10-04
CISPR 22 © IEC:2005+A1:2005+A2:2006 – 7 –
Figure D.3 − ISN with high longitudi nal conversion loss (LCL) for use with one,
two, three, or four unscreened balanc ed pairs ..................................................................... 119
Figure D.4 − ISN, including a 50 Ω source matching network at the voltage measuring
port, for use with two unscreened balanced pairs................................................................. 121
Figure D.5 − ISN for use with two unscreened balanc ed pairs .............................................. 123
Figure D.6 − ISN, including a 50 Ω source matching network at the voltage measuring
port, for use with four unscreened balanc ed pairs ................................................................ 125
Figure D.7 − ISN for use with four unscreened balanc ed pairs ............................................. 127
Figure D.8 − ISN for use with coaxial cables, employing an internal common mode
choke created by bifilar winding an insulated centre-conductor wire and an insulated
screen-conductor wire on a common magnetic core (for example, a ferrite toroid)................ 127
Figure D.9 − ISN for use with coaxial cables, employing an internal common mode
choke created by miniature coaxial cable (miniature semi-rigid solid copper screen
or miniature double-braided screen coaxial cable) wound on ferrite toroids .......................... 129
Figure D.10 − ISN for use with multi-conductor screened cables, employing an internal
common mode choke created by bifilar winding multiple insulated signal wires
and an insulated screen-conductor wire on a common magnetic core
(for example, a ferrite toroid) ............................................................................................... 129
Figure D.11 − ISN for use with multi-conductor screened cables, employing an internal
common mode choke created by winding a multi-conductor screened cable on ferrite
toroids ................................................................................................................................ 131
Figure F.1 – Basic circuit for considering the limits with defined TCM impedance of 150 Ω ......145
Figure F.2 – Basic circuit for the measurement with unknown TCM impedance .................... 145
Figure F.3 – Impedance layout of the components used in Figure C.2 .................................. 149
Figure F.4 – Basic test set-up to measure combined impedance of the 150 Ω and ferrites ...... 151
Table 1 – Limits for conducted disturbance at the mains ports of class A ITE ......................... 23
Table 2 – Limits for conducted disturbance at the mains ports of class B ITE ......................... 23
Table 3 – Limits of conducted common mode (asymmetric mode) disturbance at tele-communication ports in the frequency range 0,15 MHz to 30 MHz for class A equipment........ 23
Table 4 – Limits of conducted common mode (asymmetric mode) disturbance at tele-communication ports in the frequency range 0,15 MHz to 30 MHz for class B equipment........ 25
Table 5 – Limits for radiated disturbance of class A ITE at a measuring distance of 10 m....... 25
Table 6 – Limits for radiated disturbance of class B ITE at a measuring distance of 10 m....... 25
Table 7 – Acronyms used in figures ....................................................................................... 67
Table 8 – Limits for radiated disturbance of Class A ITE at a measurement distance
of 3 m ................................................................................................................................... 27
Table 9 – Limits for radiated disturbance of Class B ITE at a measurement distance
of 3 m ................................................................................................................................... 27
Table A.1 – Normalized site attenuation (A
N
(dB)) for recommended geometries with
broadband ant ennas .............................................................................................................91
Table F.1 – Summary of advantages and disadvantages of the methods described in
Annex C........................................................................................................................ ...... 141
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